Why choose online consultation?
With the advent of new technology, it has become very easy to connect to some of the best specialists available in India from the comfort of home. The past history, reports, medications details, etc. can be uploaded to a safe and secure place on the server so that it can be accessed anytime by a specialist with the permission of the patient. The patient doesn’t have to worry to carry the reports and other files every time when seeing a doctor and thus saves the potential of misleading or missed information to be given to the doctor. 

We at MediFlam offer these services and have empaneled some of the best doctors that are known for their expertise and have a vast experience serving in their respective fields. Oncologist online consultations can also be very helpful for those who are non-ambulatory that is cannot visit a hospital or a doctor because of old age or some diseases that makes it very difficult to travel. The patients, through online consultation with oncologist, can at least get an idea of the disease that they are suffering from and can be further advised by the doctor for the course of action on treatment that may include chemotherapy, radiation, surgery or a combination of any of the three.

  • Basic information on oncology
Oncology is a branch of medical science that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of different types of cancer. Cancer is defined as the uncontrolled growth of cells that do not serve any normal function of the normal cells and yet compete for nutrition and other chemical substances thus starving the normal cells and eventually causing them to die. The resultant necrosis of the normal cells is the reason for extreme pain and the loss of normal function that accompany cancer. Cancer is classified as benign or malignant cancer. Malignancy is the ability of the cancer cells to invade nearby tissues and thus are very hard to treat and the leading cause of death. Sometimes when the cancer is detected at a particular location in the body, it is the metastatic form of cancer that started somewhere else. Benign cancer is usually not lethal and can be surgically removed. The symptoms of the benign tumour occurs only when the mass of cells that grow start pressing the internal structures.
The most common type of malignant cancers are called carcinomas and they are responsible for more than 80% of the deaths due to cancer worldwide. Carcinomas arise from epithelial cells. These cells are part of epithelia which are cell sheets that line the walls of cavities or channels in the human body and in skin serve as the outside covering of the body. There are different carcinomas depending on the location they occur. The types of carcinomas depending on the cell types are:

  • Adenocarcinoma
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Other types of carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma:
The common sites include
  • Lung
  • Colon
  • Breast 
  • Pancreas
  • Stomach
  • Esophagus
  • Prostate
  • Endometrium
  • Ovary


Squamous cell carcinoma:
The common sites include:

  • Skin
  • Nasal cavity
  • Oropharynx
  • Larynx
  • Lung
  • Esophagus
  • Cervix


Other types of carcinomas:
These include:

  • Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC)
  • Large-cell lung carcinoma 
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (Liver cancer)
  • Renal cell carcinoma (Kidney cancer)
  • Transitional-cell carcinoma (of the urinary bladder)

The remainder of the malignant tumours arise from nonepithelial tissues of the body. Sarcomas are the tumours that arise out of the various connective tissues and are second most common cancers after carcinomas. The most common types of sarcomas are:

  • Osteosarcoma (arises from bone-forming cell)
  • Liposarcoma (arises from fat cells)
  • Leiomyosarcoma (arises from smooth muscle cell)
  • Rhabdomyosarcoma (arises from striated/skeletal muscle cell)
  • Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (arises from adipocyte/muscle cell)
  • Fibrosarcoma (arises from connective tissue cell)
  • Angiosarcoma (arises from cells lining the blood vessels)
  • Chondrosarcoma (arises from cartilage-forming cell)


The second most common type of cancers that are of nonepithelial origin are the cancers that are formed from the various cell types that constitute the blood forming (hematopoietic) tissues and also include the cells of the immune system. The cell types are the red blood cells, antibody-secreting (plasma) cells as well as B and T lymphocytes. The malignant cancers that are derived from these cell types are referred to as leukemia which in the literal sense means white blood. These circulate freely in the blood. Tumours of the B and T lymphocytes are called lymphomas. These aggregate to form solid tumour masses and are mostly concentrated in the lymph nodes in contrast to leukemias where the cells roam freely in the blood. The various type of blood cells related malignancies are:

  • Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
  • Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
  • Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
  • Multiple myeloma (MM)
  • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)
  • Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL)


The third and the last major group of nonepithelial tumours arises from the cells that form various components of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The tumours included in this grouping are:

  • Gliomas
  • Glioblastomas
  • Neuroblastomas
  • Schwannomas
  • Medulloblastomas


These cancers comprise only about 1.3% of the total cancers but are responsible for around 2.5% deaths due to cancer worldwide. Cancer can arise in any part of the body and thus there are so many types of cancers. But there is propensity of some tumours to form more often than others and so these more commonly occurring and mortality causing tumours have been studied in detail till date. These include:

  • Breast cancer in women
  • Cervical cancer in women
  • Endometrial cancer in women
  • Prostate cancer in men
  • Testicular cancer in men
  • Lung cancer
  • Liver cancer
  • Various types of blood cancers (leukemias)
  • Pancreatic cancer
  • Colon cancer
  • Stomach cancer
  • Brain tumors
  • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma


Cancer is the third leading cause of death worldwide and has become a significant economic burden for the global economy. There will be 26 million new cancer cases and 17 million cancer deaths per year from 2030 as per the latest projections.

Since cancer is the uncontrolled proliferation of cells, there are certain characteristics that render cells to acquire this property. These characteristics, termed the hallmarks of cancer, are:

  • Genome instability and mutation
  • Resisting cell death
  • The cells not responding to death signals and generating their own growth signals
  • Enabling replicative immortality
  • Forming new blood vessels to the cancer tissue
  • Activating invasion and metastasis
  • Tumor-promoting inflammation
  • Evading destruction by immune cells

Cancer is caused by the conversion of proto-oncogene to oncogene thus causing loss of normal function and leading to uncontrolled proliferation eventually forming a tumour. 

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Frequently asked questions about Oncologist

What is oncology?

Oncology is the branch of medical science that deals with the study and treatment of different types of cancers that occur in the human body.

What are the different types of cancer?

The most common type of malignant cancers are called carcinomas and they are responsible for more than 80% of the deaths due to cancer worldwide. Carcinomas arise from epithelial cells. These cells are part of epithelia which are cell sheets that line the walls of cavities or channels in the human body and in skin serve as the outside covering of the body. There are different carcinomas depending on the location they occur. The types of carcinomas depending on the cell types are:

  • Adenocarcinoma
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Other types of carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma:

The common sites include

  • Lung
  • Colon
  • Breast 
  • Pancreas
  • Stomach
  • Esophagus
  • Prostate
  • Endometrium
  • Ovary

Squamous cell carcinoma:

The common sites include:

  • Skin
  • Nasal cavity
  • Oropharynx
  • Larynx
  • Lung
  • Esophagus
  • Cervix

Other types of carcinomas:
These include:

    • Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC)
    • Large-cell lung carcinoma 
    • Hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Renal cell carcinoma
    • Transitional-cell carcinoma (of the urinary bladder)
    Is cancer curable?

    The curability of a cancer depends on a number of factors that include:

    • The site of cancer
    • The extent that it has spread i.e. the stage of cancer when diagnosed
    • Overall health of the patient
    • Age of the patient
    Is oncology consultation possible online?

    With the advent of new technology, it has become very easy to connect to some of the best specialists available in India from the comfort of home. The past history, reports, medications details, etc. can be uploaded to a safe and secure place on the server so that it can be accessed anytime by a specialist with the permission of the patient. The patient doesn’t have to worry to carry the reports and other files every time when seeing an oncology doctor and thus saves the potential of misleading or missed information to be given to the doctor. We at MediFlam offer these services and have empaneled some of the best oncologists that are known for their expertise and have a vast experience serving in their respective fields. Online consultation with oncologist can also be very helpful for those who are non-ambulatory that is cannot visit a hospital or a doctor because of old age or some diseases that makes it very difficult to travel. The patients, through online oncologist consultation, can at least get an idea of the disease that they are suffering from and can be further advised by the doctor for the course of action on treatment that may include chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy or a combination of any of these types of treatments.

    How can MediFlam help in online oncology consultation?

    MediFlam has a panel of some of the best oncologists in India. It can help you to get an appointment at your convenient time from the comfort of your home to get the best possible advice on the status of the disease so that a probabilistic diagnosis can be made and further course of action can be decided.

    What are the various precautions to prevent the development of cancer?

    A healthy lifestyle which includes healthy eating habits, regular exercise and regular bowel movements can help a lot in preventing almost any kind of disease. Refraining from alcohol and smoking, which are implicated in a number of cancers, can help in the prevention of cancers. Also stress has been known to cause fast proliferation of cells in many experiments and hence managing stress can also be helpful to prevent the development of cancer.

    What are the tests that help in the diagnosis of different types of cancers?

    Biopsies of the tissue involved are usually the confirmatory test for the presence of cancer. Then there are different tests for different cancers as different cancers present with unique set of biomarkers. For example, PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) is the test done for diagnosing prostate cancer, mammogram is done for diagnosing breast cancer, Pap smear test for cervical cancer, PET scans, PET-SPECT scan, etc.

    How often should I visit an oncologist?

    There is no need to regularly consult an oncologist. Only if you have some symptoms that hints the presence of cancer or if advised by your family physician should you consult an oncologist.

    Are oncologists on MediFlam qualified enough?

    Mediflam has a stringent process of checking the qualifications of doctors that are taken on the platform so that the patients get access to the best qualified doctors to get the best possible diagnosis. Mediflam has a panel of some of the best oncologists in India. We at MediFlam make sure that our platform provides hassle free experience to the patient as well as the doctor at the best cost possible. Our doctors work in close conjunction with the patients so as to provide them quick diagnosis, treatment and regular follow-ups.

    What is the average cost of online oncology consultation on MediFlam platform?

    This can vary to a great extent depending on the doctor’s expertise and number of years of experience. Usually it varies from Rs. 1000 to Rs. 5000.

    What are the early signs that suggest the presence of cancer?

    Symptoms can vary depending on the type of cancer and can vary from very innocuous ones like loss of appetite or unconditional weight loss to very specific like formation of ascites. Other symptoms include:

    • Hoarseness of voice
    • Persistent cough
    • Formation of lump in the body
    • Indigestion
    • Difficulty in swallowing
    • Persistent sore or ulcer
    • Unusual diarrhea or constipation
    • Unexplained tiredness or fatigue
    • Abdominal pain
    What is the information I need to give and the questions I should ask my oncologist?

    It is very important for you to describe the symptoms with onset and frequency to the minutest detail to the oncologist doctor so that best possible diagnosis can be made. Depending on the diagnosis, you can ask your oncologist the further course of action for treating the cancer.

    What are the different types of oncology?
    Oncology is a vast field and encompasses all the disciplines of the medical field as cancer can occur in any organ system. Different types of oncology are classified depending on the mode of treatment. These are:

    Medical oncologist who usually uses chemotherapy or other medications such as targeted therapy or immunotherapy
    Surgical oncologist that performs surgeries to remove cancer and nearby tissue. Also biopsies can be conducted by the surgeon.
    Radiation oncologist uses radiation therapy to treat cancer

    Can an oncologist be a surgeon?

    There are different types of oncologists depending on the expertise. These are:

    Medical oncologist who usually uses chemotherapy or other medications such as targeted therapy or immunotherapy
    Surgical oncologist that performs surgeries to remove cancer and nearby tissue. Also biopsies can be conducted by the surgeon.
    Radiation oncologist uses radiation therapy to treat cancer

    The surgical oncologist are the ones that perform the surgeries to treat cancer.
    What are the questions asked by an oncologist normally?
    The oncologist doctor normally discusses the symptoms experienced by the patient. Usually the patients experience symptoms that are quite innocuous but without any identifiable cause and consult general physicians. The general physicians send the patients to the oncologist after suspecting the presence of cancer. Some of the symptoms may be like loss of appetite, unintentional weight loss or mild weakness. 

    What are the tests normally conducted for diagnosis and treatment of different types of cancer?
    Biopsies of the tissue involved are usually the confirmatory test for the presence of cancer. Then there are different tests for different cancers as different cancers present with unique set of biomarkers. For example, PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) is the test done for diagnosing prostate cancer, mammogram is done for diagnosing breast cancer, Pap smear test for cervical cancer, PET scans, PET-SPECT scan, etc.

    What are the symptoms of cancer?
    Symptoms can vary depending on the type of cancer and can vary from very innocuous ones like loss of appetite or unconditional weight loss to very specific like formation of ascites. Other symptoms include:

    • Hoarseness of voice
    • Persistent cough
    • Formation of lump in the body
    • Indigestion
    • Difficulty in swallowing
    • Persistent sore or ulcer
    • Unusual diarrhea or constipation
    • Unexplained tiredness or fatigue
    • Abdominal pain


    You can opt for online consultation with oncologist to understand things in detail and figure out if you need any specific treatment. 

    What are the different types of oncologic surgeries?
    Many types of surgeries can be done for the treatment of cancer. The common procedures involved in surgical oncology are:

    • Excision with clear tissue margins
    • Excision en-bloc of the primary tumour and regional lymph nodes • Lymph node dissection 
    • Enucleation (less common)
    • Tissue destructive methods (e.g. radiofrequency frequency ablation)
    • Isolated regional perfusion
    • Excision of metastasis (usually from brain, lung, liver, bone)

    Can cancer be cured by chemotherapy alone?
    Some cancers can be cured by chemotherapy alone while some require combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy or surgery followed by chemotherapy. Sometimes chemotherapy is first administered to shrink the tumour size and then the surgery is performed. 

    What is the grading system in cancer?
    The grading systems for different types of cancer differ. If the grading system for a particular cancer is not given, then the following system is followed:

    GX: Grade cannot be assessed (undetermined grade)
    G1: Well differentiated (low grade)
    G2: Moderately differentiated (intermediate grade)
    G3: Poorly differentiated (high grade)
    G4: Undifferentiated (high grade)

    Which are the best hospitals in India for cancer treatment?
    The top 10 best cancer hospitals in India are:

    1. TATA Memorial hospital, Mumbai
    2. Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi
    3. Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Delhi
    4. Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital & Medical Research Institute, Mumbai
    5. Fortis Malar Hospital, Chennai
    6. Saifee Hospital, Mumbai
    7. Apollo Hospitals, Chennai
    8. KIDWAI Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore
    9. American Oncology Institute, Hyderabad
    10. Adyar Cancer Institute, Chennai
    Read more..
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