Spinal-Disorder

Spine, also known as backbone, extends from base of skull that is neck up to the tail bone which lies in between the two hip bones. The spine helps to maintain the posture of body in upright state; without spine humans would not have been able to stand straight. Also, it protects the important structures like spinal cord, nerves and arteries. 

Spine comprises of 33 vertebrae (bones), 5 fused to form sacrum and 4 fused to form coccygeal bones also known as tailbone. The upper 7 vertebrae in the neck region are called cervical vertebrae, middle 12 vertebrae in the upper back region are called thoracic vertebrae and lower 5 vertebrae in lower back called lumbar vertebrae. So, if individually sacrum and coccyx are considered as a single vertebra the total comes to 26 vertebrae. In its proper alignment, spinal column appears straight running down from neck to lower back when viewed from back and appears curved in different regions like cervical, thoracic, lumbar and pelvic when viewed laterally (from the sides).

Intervertebral disc is the structure which articulates with vertebral body above and below. It avoids friction during movements of the body like bending forward, backwards, sideways or rotating. It also works as shock absorber for spine during sudden jerk and distributes axial load while providing flexibility. As sacral and coccygeal vertebrae are fused, no intervertebral disc is present in between them.

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Frequently asked questions about Spinal Disorder

What do spine surgeons do?

Both neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons specialize in spine surgery and are skilled to deal with spinal disorders like disc herniations, disc degenerations, spinal stenosis, fractures of the spine, slippage of the spine (spondylolisthesis), scoliosis, bone tumors of the spine, prolapsed intervertebral disc, etc.

What is spine fusion?

Spinal fusion is surgery to permanently connect two or more vertebrae in spine, eliminating motion between them. Spinal fusion involves techniques designed to mimic the normal healing process of broken bones. During spinal fusion, surgeon places bone or a bonelike material within the space between two spinal vertebrae. Metal plates, screws and rods may be used to hold the vertebrae together, so they can heal into one solid unit.

What is the success rate of spinal surgery?

Spinal surgery is one of the most complex surgeries and usually the success rates are not 100%. The patient may get relief to a great extent by opting for the surgery but 100% reversal to the normal state is impossible. More than 50% of primary spinal surgeries are successful. 

Are there any side effects of spinal surgery?

The common side effects include:

  1. Reaction to anesthesia
  2. Bleeding
  3. Infection
  4. Blood clots
  5. Leakage of cerebrospinal fluid
  6. Recurrent or continuing symptoms like pain disability
  7. Nerve damage which can cause paralysis
Who are the best spine surgeons in India?

India is home to some of the best hospitals and spine surgeons. Some of the best spine surgeons are:

  • Dr. Sonal Gupta
  • Dr. Harshavardhan K. Hegde
  • Dr. Sajan K. Hegde
  • Dr. Asha Bakshi
  • Dr. Arvind Kulkarni
  • Dr. Bipin Walia
  • Dr. Ramaswamy Saravanan
  • Dr. A. A. Mascarenhas
  • Dr. Arun Saroha
  • Dr. Ramneek Mahajan
  • Dr. G. Balamurali
  • Dr. S. K. Rajan
  • Dr Vineesh Mathur
  • Dr Jawahar Pahuja
  • Dr Dharmendra Singh
  • Dr B. Mohapatra
  • Dr Nitesh Kumar Rathi
  • Dr Prakash Singh
  • Dr Rajagopalan Krishnan
  • Dr Ravi V
  • Dr H. S. Chhabra
  • Dr R. S. Chahal
  • Dr Deepthi Nandan Reddy A
  • Dr.Barani Rathinavelu
  • Dr. Subodh M Shetty
  • Dr. Abhay M. Nene
  • Dr. PrashanthPatil
  • Dr. Murali Mohan S
  • Dr Jacob Eapen Mathew
  • Dr. Vishal Peshattiwar
  • Dr. Shekhar Bhojraj
  • Dr. Nikhil Arbatti
  • Dr. Uday M Pawar
  • Dr. Manish Kothari
  • Dr. Vikas Gupte
  • Dr. Abhijit Pawar
  • Dr. Abrar Ahmed
  • Dr. Kiran Kumar Mukhopadhyay
  • Dr. Susmit Naskar
  • Dr. Chinmay Nath
  • Dr. Satyen Mehta
  • Dr. Raghuprasad Varma
  • Dr. Mihir Bapat
  • Dr. Arvind Kulkarni
  • Dr. Hitesh Garg
  • Dr. Arvind Jaiswal
  • Dr Sandeep Vaishya
  • Dr. BipinSwarn Walia
  • Dr. S. Karuna karan
  • Dr Devesh Dholakia
Are spine surgeons in India board-eligible or board-certified?

Spine surgeons in India are board certified.

Which are some of the top hospitals for spine surgery in India?

The list of the best spine surgery hospitals in India are:

  • Bombay Spine Centre
  • Lilavati Hospital & Research Centre
  • Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi
  • Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi
  • Manipal Hospitals Dwarka, Delhi
  • JSI India - Joint & Spine Institute
  • NOVA Orthopaedic & Spine Hospital
  • Premier Spine Center
  • Columbia Asia Referral Hospital
  • Apollo Hospitals
  • Fortis Hiranandani Hospital, Vashi
  • Sattvik Spine Foundation
  • Primus Super Speciality Hospital
  • KokilabenDhirubhaiAmbani Hospital, Mumbai
  • New Age Wockhardt Hospital, Mumbai
  • Nanavati Super Specialty Hospital, Mumbai
  • Global Hospitals, Mumbai
  • Asian Heart Institute, Mumbai
  • BLK Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi
  • IBS Institute of Brain and Spine, New Delhi
  • P.D Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai
  • Apollo Hospitals, Mumbai
  • Indian Spinal Injuries Center, New Delhi
  • Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi
  • Primus Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi
  • Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, New Delhi
  • Hosmat Hospital, Bangalore
  • BGS Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Bangalore
  • Sparsh Hospital, Bangalore
  • Brains Neuro Spine Centre, Bangalore
  • Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune
  • DeenanathMangeshkar Hospital and Research Center, Pune
  • Aster Medcity Kochi
  • Bangalore Spine Care
  • Breach Candy Hospital, Mumbai
  • Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai
  • Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi
  • Rajagiri Hospital, Kochi
  • Best Spine Hospitals In Coimbatore
  • KIMS Hospital, Hyderabad
How long does the recovery take for spine surgery?

It takes at least 3 to 4 months after surgery for bones to heal well, and healing may continue for at least a year. If you had spinal fusion, you will probably be off work for 4 to 6 weeks if you are young and healthy and your job is not very strenuous.

How long is the hospital stay for spinal fusion surgery?

A hospital stay of two to three days is usually required following spinal fusion. The pain after the surgery depends on the location and extent of the surgery. This is usually well controlled by the use of medications.

Recent Articles

What are the different types of Spine Disorders that normally occur?
Spinal disorders refer to diseases or deformities that affect the spine leading to pain and sometimes difficulty in movements. Studies say that back pain is seen approximately in 70- 80% of the population. Dorsalgia is a specific term used to refer pain due to spinal disorders. Spinal disorders can be classified based on various reasons. These include:

Deformities due to the abnormality in alignment of spinal column: in some spinal abnormalities, misalignment or exaggerated curvatures of spine are seen. These changes may be congenital or age related.

  • Scoliosis: it is the apparent lateral curvature of spine
  • Lordosis: it means the curvature of lumbar and cervical region increases. Lordosis of lumbar region is more common than cervical region.
  • Kyphosis: it means the curvature of thoracic region and sacral region increases. Sacral kyphosis is rarely seen.


Degenerative or inflammatory spine and disc conditions:

  • Osteoarthritis or Spondylosis
  • Degenerative disc disease
  • Herniated disc
  • Spinal stenosis
  • Spondylosis
  • Osteoporosis
  • Prolapsed intervertebral disc


Inflammatory and other spine conditions and disorders:

  • Ankylosing spondylitis
  • Tuberculosis
  • Basilar invagination or basilar impression and cranial settling
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Vertebral fractures due to trauma
  • Spinal cord cancer
  • Whiplash
  • Spinal tumors
  • Spondylolisthesis
  • Spinal infection
  • Spina bifida and cauda equina
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